春节之花——仙客来

xiankelai，shengkaiyudong、chunjijie，youqiyiyuandan、chunjieqijiankaidezuiweifanmao，qihuaxingqite，secaixuanlierfengfu，tebieshihongsehuaduo，shengkaishirutongxiongxiongranshaodehuoyan，jirenyihonghonghuohuo、reqingyangyizhigan，zaihanlengdedongjiruguojialinengbaishangjipenxiankelai，zeqifenrelie，wenxinyiren。

xiankelaishiyizhongfeichanggulaodezhiwu，qiyuanjiaoweifuza，kefenweixiankelai、dizhonghaixiankelai、xiaohuaxiankelai、ouzhouxiankelai、feizhouxiankelai、boyexiankelai、xixilixiankelai、xilaxiankelai、libanenxiankelai、saipulusixiankelaideng18gezhong。

kaoguxuejiazaixilakelitedaoshangfaxiandezaoqibihuazhongjiuyouxiankelaideshenying，shuomingzaidangshiyijingchangyongtalaizhuangshijiaotangle。zaoqidezhiwuxuejiamileduixiankelaiyouguoxiangxidemiaoshu，keshizai16shijizhiqian，renmenhaiduobaxiankelaidangzuoyaoyongzhiwulaishiyong，renweiqiqiujingganfenfuyonghouyoucuichanzuoyong。henzaoyiqiandeyingguo，xiankelaiyoubeichengweisow bread，jizhudemianbao，zheidagaishiyinweidangdidezhuxihuanjiangqiujingcongtuzhongwachudangzuoshiwudeyuangu。zuoweiguanshangzhiwuhepenzaihuahuidexiankelai，zuizaoshizai1596nianjinruyingguotingyuande，1731nianyihouyoucongyingguochuandaoleshijiegedi。daole18shijizhongye，ying、fa、dedeyuanyijiakaishilexiankelaixinpinzhongdepeiyu，shipinzhongyuelaiyueduo，chuanbianleouzhoudalu，zhidaojintianouzhourengshixiankelaidezhongxin。

我国是在上世纪二三十年代开始少量引入仙客来进行栽培的，其中文名称据说是国画大师张大千先生根据英文名“Cyclamen” 的发音而取的，既符合音韵，意义又好，非常传神。因为它属于报春花科目，因此，“仙客来”通俗叫法也称“报春花”。因其花形似兔耳而被人们称之为兔耳花或兔子花，又因球茎形状像萝卜，叶像秋海棠而被叫做萝卜海棠，还因某些品种仙客来的花像帽子，又有一品冠、僧帽花之别名。suizhexiandaijianzhuhekaifangxingbangongshijishangchangdabolichuangdeshiyong，xiankelaiyingyongfanweiyeyuelaiyueguang，zaishijieshangdexiaoliangbuduanzengjia。1971nianshijiexiankelaixiehuizaiyingguochengli，muqianhuiyuanyibianbushijiegedi，huiyuanzhijiandezhongzijiaohuan，zaipeijishudejiaoliu，cujinlezheiyizhiwudebuduanfazhan。

jinnianlai，“xiaohuaxiankelai”（yechengminixiankelai）poshouzhuipeng，qilinglongjingzhidetexingshihezuoweixinghuoxiaoxingpenzai，bingkeshuipeiguanshang。qizhengchanghuaqiwei11yuezhiciniande3yue，jinnianlaisuizhezaipeijishudejinbu，xiankelaiyijingshixianlezhounianshengchan，yiniansijidounengkandaoqihuazi，danrenmenhaishixihuanjiangqizuoweidongjideshilinghuahuixinshang。  

养护指南

浇水：xiankelaipingshizhixuqinjiaoshui，baochipentushirunjiukeyile，danyaobimianjishui，jiaoshuishiyebuyaojiangshuijiaodaokuaigendeshengzhangdianshang，yingjiaodaoturangli，zheixiedoushiweilefangzhikuaigenfulan。suojiaodeshuiyingyushiwenxiangjinhuoshouganbuguoyubingliang，lixiangdefangfashijiangshuifangzaishineijitianzaijiao，zheiyangjikebimianhuifadiaoshuizhongdelvqi，youbuzhiyuguoyubingliang。

duiyuyinqueshuieryezi、huagengweiniandezhizhu，bunenganzhaochangguidefangfacongshangmianjiaoshui，zheishiyinweiyongyuzhongzhixiankelaidetuyouzhejihaodepaishuixing，ruguodengqiwanquangantou，congshangmianjiaoshui，shuijiuhuihenkuailiuchu，danturanghaishigande，qigenxixishoubudaoshuifen，yepianzhinengjixunianzhe，zhangcixiaqu，yepianhuifahuang，zuihouganku，hualeiyebunengzhanfang，zhizhuwanquanjinruxiumianzhuangtai。zhengquedefangfashi，jianghuapenfangzaiyushiwenxiangjindeshuipennei，caiqu“jinpen”defangfabuchongshuifen。

ruguolijiashijianguozhang，kexianjiangxiankelaijiaotoushui，ranhouzaizhaoyipenshuiheyikuaixishuinenglijiaoqiangdemianbu，bamianbushitouhouyitoudazaishuipennei，yitoudazaiturangshang，zheiyangpenlideshuijiunengyuanyuanbuduandishusongdaohuapenli，gongzhiwuxishou。

施肥：yibanqingkuangxiayongbuzheshifei，ruguoshifeikeyong0.5％delinsuanerqingjiarongyexiangyepianpensa，yibuchonglinjiafei，cushihualeidezhanfang。

光照：conghuashimaihuidexiankelaiyingfangzaishineiyangguangchongzuchu，buyaolinuanqihuoluzidengqunuansheshijiaojin，yimianyinwenduguogao、guangzhaobuzuerdaozhiyezi、huagengtuzhang。

繁殖与选购：xiankelaidefanzhikeyongbozhong、fenqieqiujingdengfangfa。jiatingyibanbujinxingfanzhi，doushidaohuashishanggoumaichengpinxiankelai，goumaishiyaotiaoxuanneixiezhizhujincoufengman，butuzhang，budaofu，wuhuangye、bingye，huasexianyan，hualeijiaoduodezhizhu。 

小贴士

 ruguobuliuzhong，huaxiehouyaojishizhaichucanhuageng，yimianxiaohaoguoduodeyangfen，yingxiangyihoudekaihua。huaqijieshuhou，yingzhuyikongzhijiaoshui，cishiyepianzhongdeyangfenzhujianbeiqiujingxishou，zhishiyepiantunse，tongshiyekaishijinruxiumianqi。xiajidexiumianqikefangzaitongfengliangshuangchuyanghu，bimianrishai，buyaoshifei，yebuyaojiaotaiduodeshui。dengqiujiqiujingfusuhouzaihuifuzhengchangdeguanli。